bagi anda sysadmin, noc, IT support bahkan penghuni kulkas di datacenter. tentu tidak asing dengan produk hardware terbaru. terkadang kita lupa untuk mencatat aset dari server yang kita gunakan. lalu, bagaimana cara mengetahui informasi hardware jika server yang telah kita pakai terlalu sungkan untuk di restart atau shutdown?
jika anda pengguna linux, tentu anda tidak asing lagi dengan tools bernama dmidecode.
apa itu dmidecode?
dmidecode adalah alat untuk dumping sebuah komputer DMI (beberapa mengatakan SMBIOS) isi tabel dalam suatu format yang dapat dibaca. Tabel ini berisi deskripsi komponen perangkat keras sistem, serta potongan berguna informasi lain seperti nomor seri dan revisi BIOS. Berkat tabel ini, Anda dapat mengambil informasi ini tanpa harus memelototi isi PC dengan mudah ataupun harus restart untuk masuk ke BIOS.
Cara Mengetahui Informasi Hardware Pada Linux
RAM info
1. sebagai contoh kita ingin mengetahui informasi ram secara detail
root@fx:~# dmidecode -t 17
dmidecode 2.11
SMBIOS 2.6 present.
Handle 0x0052, DMI type 17, 28 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x003E
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 8192 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM_C1
Bank Locator: NODE 0 CHANNEL 3 DIMM 0
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1600 MHz
Manufacturer: Kingston
Serial Number: C904F58B
Asset Tag: Unknown
Part Number: 9965525-055.A00LF
Rank: 2
Handle 0x004C, DMI type 17, 28 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x003E
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM_B1
Bank Locator: NODE 0 CHANNEL 2 DIMM 0
Type: Unknown
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer: NO DIMM
Serial Number: NO DIMM
Asset Tag: Unknown
Part Number: NO DIMM
Rank: Unknown
2. atau mengetahui maksimal ram yang bisa diupgrade pada motherboard anda
root@fx:~# dmidecode -t 16
# dmidecode 2.11
SMBIOS 2.6 present.
Handle 0x003E, DMI type 16, 15 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: Single-bit ECC
Maximum Capacity: 256 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 4
Handle 0x0058, DMI type 16, 15 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: Single-bit ECC
Maximum Capacity: 256 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 4
3. mengetahui informasi bios
root@fx:~# dmidecode -t bios
# dmidecode 2.11
SMBIOS version fixup (2.31 -> 2.3).
SMBIOS 2.3 present.
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 20 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD
Version: 6.00
Release Date: 12/06/2006
Address: 0xE78A0
Runtime Size: 100192 bytes
ROM Size: 64 kB
Characteristics:
ISA is supported
PCI is supported
PC Card (PCMCIA) is supported
PNP is supported
APM is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
ESCD support is available
USB legacy is supported
Smart battery is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
3. Informasi Manufacturer, Model dan Serial Number
[root@tecmint ~]# dmidecode -t system
# dmidecode 2.11
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
Manufacturer: LENOVO
Product Name: 9637C76
Version: ThinkCentre M55e
Serial Number: L9BT188
UUID: 8015D37A-2F82-DC11-A3FB-8C6E4EBAD5CE
Wake-up Type: AC Power Restored
SKU Number: Not Specified
Family: Not Specified
Handle 0x000F, DMI type 12, 5 bytes
System Configuration Options
Option 1: Jumper settings can be described here.
Handle 0x0010, DMI type 15, 29 bytes
System Event Log
Area Length: 432 bytes
Header Start Offset: 0x0000
Header Length: 16 bytes
Data Start Offset: 0x0010
Access Method: General-purpose non-volatile data functions
Access Address: 0x0000
Status: Valid, Not Full
Change Token: 0x0000001A
Header Format: Type 1
Supported Log Type Descriptors: 3
Descriptor 1: POST error
Data Format 1: POST results bitmap
Descriptor 2: Single-bit ECC memory error
Data Format 2: Multiple-event
Descriptor 3: Multi-bit ECC memory error
Data Format 3: Multiple-event
Handle 0x0017, DMI type 23, 13 bytes
System Reset
Status: Enabled
Watchdog Timer: Present
Boot Option: Do Not Reboot
Boot Option On Limit: Do Not Reboot
Reset Count: Unknown
Reset Limit: Unknown
Timer Interval: Unknown
Timeout: Unknown
Handle 0x001F, DMI type 32, 20 bytes
System Boot Information
Status:
5. dmidecode list code
Type Information
----------------------------------------
0 BIOS
1 System
2 Base Board
3 Chassis
4 Processor
5 Memory Controller
6 Memory Module
7 Cache
8 Port Connector
9 System Slots
10 On Board Devices
11 OEM Strings
12 System Configuration Options
13 BIOS Language
14 Group Associations
15 System Event Log
16 Physical Memory Array
17 Memory Device
18 32-bit Memory Error
19 Memory Array Mapped Address
20 Memory Device Mapped Address
21 Built-in Pointing Device
22 Portable Battery
23 System Reset
24 Hardware Security
25 System Power Controls
26 Voltage Probe
27 Cooling Device
28 Temperature Probe
29 Electrical Current Probe
30 Out-of-band Remote Access
31 Boot Integrity Services
32 System Boot
33 64-bit Memory Error
34 Management Device
35 Management Device Component
36 Management Device Threshold Data
37 Memory Channel
38 IPMI Device
39 Power Supply
Keyword Types
------------------------------
bios 0, 13
system 1, 12, 15, 23, 32
baseboard 2, 10
chassis 3
processor 4
memory 5, 6, 16, 17
cache 7
connector 8
slot 9
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